Perbedaan konsentrasi suspensi sel darah merah 1% dan 5% terhadap derajat aglutinasi pemeriksaan golongan darah metode tabung

Background: Blood typing using the tube method is considered the gold standard method for determining blood groups based on antigen-antibody reactions that produce agglutination. One of the factors affecting the strength of agglutination is the concentration of the red blood cell suspension. A concentration that is too low may result in weak agglutination reactions due to the prozone phenomenon, whereas an optimal concentration is expected to produce clearer agglutination reactions.
Objective: To determine the difference between 1% and 5% red blood cell suspension concentrations on the agglutination grade of blood typing using the tube method.
Methods: This study employed an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The study subjects consisted of 33 students from the Diploma IV Medical Laboratory Technology Program. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
Results: The results from 33 samples under two different treatments showed that blood typing using both 1% and 5% red blood cell suspensions produced an average agglutination grade of 4 positive (4+).
Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the agglutination grade results of blood typing using 1% and 5% red blood cell suspensions with the tube method (p-value = 1.000 > 0.05).
Recommendation: The use of a 1% red blood cell suspension may reduce blood sample consumption, particularly when the available blood sample volume is very limited.