Penerapan Pursed-Lip Breathing dalam Menurunkan Frekuensi Pernapasan pada Pasien Asma Bronkial di Instalasi Gawat Darurat

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways
characterised by bronchospasm. Symptoms include coughing, shortness of breath,
which usually occurs in the morning, accompanied by wheezing. In certain
conditions, asthma can become status asthmaticus and is life-threatening. Nurses
play an important role in providing independent interventions in the form of pursedlip breathing techniques to help reduce respiratory rate. This technique is a
breathing method that aims to improve ventilation and oxygenation by prolonging
the expiratory phase, reducing airflow resistance, and preventing bronchiolar
collapse, thereby helping to improve breathing patterns in asthma patients.
Objective: To apply nursing care to patients with respiratory system disorders:
bronchial asthma by applying the pursed-lip breathing method to reduce
respiratory rate.
Method: The design used was a case study of three patients with bronchial asthma
in the Emergency Room.
Results: There was a change in respiratory rate in the three patients with bronchial
asthma before and after the pursed-lip breathing intervention was applied. Before
the intervention, the respiratory rate of the three patients was in the range of 27-31
breaths per minute. After the intervention, there was a decrease in respiratory rate
to a range of 26-30 breaths per minute.
Conclusion: The application of pursed-lip breathing will be more effective when
combined with collaborative nebuliser intervention in reducing respiratory rate in
bronchial asthma patients in the Emergency Department.
Recommendation: Pursed-lip breathing can be an independent action by nurses to
help reduce respiratory rate in asthma patients before receiving collaborative
therapy in the emergency department.
Keywords: Bronchial Asthma, Emergency Room, Pursed-Lip Breathing